CASE FILE #2·THE GLORIA FILES·
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The Gloria Files · Case #3

The Payoff

AI Fact Sheet

What Todd Gloria's Donors Got for Their Money

Total money traced
$178.8M
San Diego · public-record filings
Report #3 · The Gloria Files · condensed AI fact sheet. Chronological; every claim cited; inferences flagged. Source: full report reports/series-1-the-gloria-files/03-the-payoff.md.
Built on reporting by
Jeff McDonald
San Diego Union-Tribune
6 articles
Matt Potter
San Diego Reader
2 articles
Chris Jennewein
Times of San Diego
1 article
Ken Stone
Times of San Diego
1 article
Michael Smolens
San Diego Union-Tribune
1 article
Reporting cited in this fact sheet. Read the original stories — support local journalism.
Documented fact — traces to a filed public record.
Inference — a reading of the record, not a legal finding.
Scope
$178.8M

What Todd Gloria's donors, fundraisers, and appointees received from city government after his 2020 and 2024 elections — appointments, consulting contracts, lobbying access, leases, developer-fee credits, and the enforcement record around them. Period covered: 2015–2026, concentrated in Gloria's mayoral term (Dec 2020–present). Dollar figures attached to specific governance actions: $72M+ in contract alterations that bypassed or short-circuited council review SDA-2024; $178.8M in development impact fees held past the five-year legal limit GJ-DIF; $22.9M to one developer-donor (Bosa) including $13.8M in DIF credits UT-Bosa; $8.5M diverted from the Climate Equity Fund VOSD-CEF; $24,999 Cushman consulting contract UT-Cushman. Against those sums, total disclosed enforcement penalties on Gloria are $10,700 E-Stip2316 TOSD-2019-11. Nothing in this brief is alleged to be illegal; the subject is the legal machinery of governance after an election.

Summary — what happened

After Todd Gloria became mayor of San Diego in December 2020, several of his largest fundraisers, donors, and appointees received city benefits while the disclosure and oversight systems that are supposed to catch such overlaps recorded little. Stephen Cushman — Gloria's 2024 chief fundraiser and chair of a pro-Gloria independent-expenditure PAC that raised $900,000+ UT-Cushman24 LP-Cushman — was appointed to the San Diego Housing Commission on 2024-01-23 and signed a $24,999 city consulting contract six days later, on 2024-01-29, one dollar below the $25,000 threshold that would have required City Council approval UT-Cushman SDHC-Cushman. Gil Cabrera, Gloria's appointee as Airport Authority chair, founded For All of Us — a charity supporting the mayor's causes that operates with no incorporation papers, no IRS determination letter, and no bylaws, its finances filed inside fiscal sponsor Mission Edge's combined return UT-ForAllOfUs TOSD-Cabrera. Christopher Wahl, a lobbyist whose firm and colleagues gave $160,000+ to Gloria and other local officials, lobbied Gloria's office privately on the 101 Ash Street settlement UT-Dealmaker UT-AshLobby.

The same pattern appears at scale. A 2024 city-auditor review documented $72M+ in contract alterations that were brought to council too late for meaningful review or never brought at all; the auditor characterized some as against the law SDA-2024 UT-ContractAudit. A 2024–25 county Grand Jury found $178,754,366 in development impact fees held beyond the five-year legal deadline, with annual reports filed late every year of Gloria's term GJ-DIF UT-DIF. In a transaction the city had not done before, Bosa Development — a documented Gloria donor — received $13.8M in DIF credits plus $9.1M cash ($22.9M total) for park land UT-Bosa. Sempra-linked money flowed through intermediary PACs into the 2020 campaign that benefited Gloria; the council later approved the SDG&E franchise on a 6-3 vote, and Gloria's FY2025 budget diverted $8.5M from the franchise-funded Climate Equity Fund to the general fund SDR-Sempra TOSD-Franchise VOSD-CEF. The disclosed penalties across these episodes are small relative to the sums involved: a $200 FPPC fine (Part 1) and a $10,500 Ethics Commission fine for late behested-payment disclosures, $10,700 combined TOSD-2019-11 E-Stip2316. Inferred: the recurrence of donor/fundraiser names across appointments, contracts, leases, and fee credits is a pattern in the public record; no ethics body or court has found a quid pro quo in any of these matters, and none is asserted here.

Timeline

2015-07-28 SDR-SeaWorld

SeaWorld donation. SeaWorld donates $4,500 to Gloria's Assembly campaign. (SeaWorld holds a Mission Bay lease generating $11.28M/year.)

2016-04 to 2016-12 DB

Household revolving door. Diana Palacios, hired by Southwest Strategies while serving as a deputy chief of staff in city government, lobbies the office of her husband Stephen Puetz — Mayor Faulconer's chief of staff — on behalf of the firm's clients.

Bahia lease extension. The City Council approves an extension of Evans Hotels' Bahia Resort lease on Mission Bay (later valued at $2.23M/year, running through 2053). Evans Hotels family members have donated $9,200 total to Gloria.

Campland lease. The City Council approves a Campland on the Bay lease (later a 15-year extension by unanimous vote in 2025; lease generates ~$1.2M/year). Operator Michael Gelfand donated $2,000 directly to Gloria, and a Southwest Strategies fundraiser raised an additional $7,650 for Gloria on his behalf.

Sempra's intermediary spending. Sempra Energy routes money through intermediary PACs into independent-expenditure efforts that benefit Gloria in the 2020 mayoral race: $25,000 to the LGBT Caucus Leadership Fund (which gave $80,000 to a pro-Gloria IE), $20,000 to San Diego Works PAC ($50,000 onward to the IE), and $10,000 to the SD Chamber PAC ($80,000 onward to the IE). The full report tracks $794,200+ in Sempra-linked political money across all intermediaries.

Inferredthe routing pattern is reconstructed from filings; no agency has ruled the chain unlawful (a characterization of disclosed flows, not a legal finding).
2020-11 to 2020-12 CA-MayorVOSD-Transition

Gloria elected mayor; Cabrera to transition. Gloria wins the mayoralty (sworn in December 2020). Stephen and Marjorie Cushman each gave $2,300 to Gloria for Mayor 2020.

For All of Us founded. Gil Cabrera — a Gloria political ally and Gloria's appointee to the Airport Authority board (appointed chair Aug 2021), and a former Ethics Commission chair — establishes For All of Us, a charity supporting causes embraced by the mayor's office. It has no incorporation papers, no IRS determination letter, and no bylaws, operating under a fiscal-sponsorship arrangement with Mission Edge San Diego, which files a combined return that buries the charity's individual finances.

2021-03-09 UT-CEFTOSD-CEF

Climate Equity Fund created. The City Council unanimously approves the Climate Equity Fund — a franchise-fee-funded stream for environmental-justice spending in Barrio Logan, Lincoln Park, Logan Heights, and Southcrest.

SDG&E franchise approved. The City Council, with Gloria's support, approves the SDG&E gas-and-electric franchise agreement on a 6-3 vote.

Lobbyist access on 101 Ash. Reporting documents that Christopher Wahl met privately with City Attorney Mara Elliott, her top lieutenants, and two senior Gloria aides on the 101 Ash Street litigation, and arranged a call between the city's chief operating officer and Cisterra's principal on the settlement. Wahl is a registered San Diego County lobbyist; his firm's clients include Southern California Edison, McDonald's USA, Republic Services, and Veolia.

2022-12 PR-Palladium

Private-equity stake in the lobbying firm. Palladium Heritage, the first investment of Palladium Equity Partners (a firm managing approximately $3 billion), takes an undisclosed stake in Southwest Strategies.

2023-01-26 UT-Bosa

The Bosa DIF deal. The Gloria administration proposes paying Bosa Development $13.8M in development-impact-fee credits plus $9.1M cash — $22.9M total — for land for North Central Square Park. The city had not previously purchased land using DIF credits; the reviewing council committee forwarded the item without recommending approval. Bosa is a documented Gloria donor.

Hughes conflict fine (101 Ash). Jason Hughes, a former Faulconer-era volunteer adviser who received $9.4M from the 101 Ash Street and Civic Center Plaza deals, pleads guilty to one misdemeanor conflict-of-interest count and is fined $400 (plus probation and $9.4M restitution). The underlying lease-to-own contract was valued at $128M. (Included as enforcement-scale context; Hughes is not a Gloria appointee.)

For All of Us finances withheld; behested-payment scrutiny. Reporting establishes that For All of Us has raised approximately $100,000, with named donors including Sudberry Properties ($5,000), Manpower ($5,000), and the Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation ($5,000), and that its structure shields its finances; the same reporting prompted Gloria to file 14 additional behested-payment disclosures totaling approximately $50,000.

Cushman appointed to Housing Commission. Gloria appoints Stephen Cushman to the San Diego Housing Commission.

2024-01-29 UT-Cushman

The $24,999 contract. Six days after the appointment, the Mayor's office awards Cushman a $24,999 consulting contract to negotiate the Hope @ Vine shelter lease — one dollar below the $25,000 threshold that triggers City Council approval.

Cushman abstains on the $18M vote. Cushman abstains from a Housing Commission vote on an $18M budget proposal tied to the same shelter deal he was negotiating as a paid consultant; an ethics expert quoted in the reporting calls the overlap a clear conflict of interest.

The $10,500 behested-payment fine. SD Ethics Commission Stipulation 23-16 fines Gloria $10,500 for 10 separate late Form 803 behested-payment disclosures, some filed more than 679 days late; many of the undisclosed payments were to For All of Us.

2024-04-15 VOSD-CEFCPI-Budget

Climate Equity Fund diverted (FY2025 budget). Gloria proposes, and the council later approves, diverting $8.5M from the Climate Equity Fund to the general fund; the fund had collected $23M and spent 17% of it. The named beneficiary communities are Barrio Logan, Lincoln Park, Logan Heights, and Southcrest.

Contract-management audit. A city-auditor performance audit documents $72M+ in contract alterations that were either untimely (brought to council close to expiration) or unapproved (never brought to council). Largest items: Rehrig Pacific $30.26M (council 65 days before expiration), Dell Marketing $18.63M (49 days), Luth & Turley $10M (18 days); unapproved items include Cintas $2.95M, ADS $2.86M (retroactive), Westturf $2.09M, Alpha Project $2M, Flo Systems $1.95M (sole-source), Parkson $1.4M. The auditor's office characterized some alterations as against the law.

2025-01 DBDSDP-Board

Ace Parking library garage without a contract. Ace Parking begins operating the Central Library parking garage. As of the source report (March 2026), it had operated for more than fourteen months without a signed contract. Ace's Keith Jones sits on the Downtown San Diego Partnership executive board alongside Stephen Cushman.

2025-07-31 GJ-DIFUT-DIF

Grand Jury DIF finding. A San Diego County Grand Jury report finds $178,754,366 in development impact fees held beyond the five-year legal limit (citing Walker v. City of San Clemente (2015) and Hamilton v. City of Palo Alto (2023)), with annual reports filed late in FY2021–FY2024, administrative fees as high as 18% (vs. 5–8% in comparable jurisdictions), and $720,000 improperly transferred from 22 community lockbox accounts to Build Better SD. The city has never voluntarily refunded DIF.

2025-09-12 / 2025-09-13 UT-CampbellUT-Cardenas

Enforcement-scale comparators. SD Ethics Commission fines: Jennifer Campbell $300 for a record-keeping violation (2025-09-12); Jesus Cardenas, a former Gloria staffer, $5,000 — the maximum penalty — for a lobbying violation (2025-09-13).

Mission Bay audit suspension. An independent review finds the Gloria administration temporarily suspended internal audits of prime Mission Bay leases during a budget shortfall and that roughly one-third of Mission Bay leases were on expired holdover; the City Auditor's office reported being denied access to financial-reporting data.

2026-02-23 PR-Bodewell

Lobbying firm rebrands. Southwest Strategies (Wahl's firm) rebrands as Bodewell Group.

Pending SB760

SB 760. California Senate Bill 760 would create an exemption to behested-payment reporting for "public appeals."

The recurring overlap (cross-role pattern)

The same donor/fundraiser names recur across distinct governance channels that look unrelated on any single filing. Inferred: the overlap is a structural pattern documented from public records; it is not a finding that any benefit was exchanged for a contribution.

  • Stephen Cushman — multiple simultaneous roles. 2024 chief fundraiser; chair of San Diegans for Fairness PAC ($900,000+ raised, including a personal $25,000 contribution, $500,000 allocated for pro-Gloria TV) UT-Cushman24 LP-Cushman; Gloria appointee to the Housing Commission SDHC-Cushman; $24,999 city consultant UT-Cushman; developer on the $4 billion Riverwalk San Diego project on family-owned land UT-Riverwalk; DSDP executive-board member DSDP-Board; For All of Us board member; Cushman Foundation made a $50,000 behested payment to a Gloria-solicited homelessness initiative DB; direct $2,300 donor CA-Mayor.
  • Sempra / SDG&E — campaign money then franchise then fund diversion. $794,200+ in tracked political money (2020), 6-3 franchise approval (2021), $8.5M diverted from the franchise-funded Climate Equity Fund (FY2025). SDR-Sempra TOSD-Franchise VOSD-CEF
  • Downtown San Diego Partnership — contracts and PAC money. Holds $13M+/year in city contracts (PBID management plus Family Reunification Program); its PAC gave $105,000 total to pro-Gloria IE committees and $23,000 to the Yes-on-Measure-C campaign. Its chairman in FY2016–2017 was a Sempra executive. DSDP-Contracts Ethics-Donors Ethics-MeasureC
  • Mission Bay leaseholders who are also donors. Evans Hotels ($9,200; Bahia lease ~$2.23M/yr), Campland/Gelfand ($2,000 direct + $7,650 via a lobbyist fundraiser; ~$1.2M/yr lease), and SeaWorld ($4,500; $11.28M/yr lease) are documented Gloria donors holding Mission Bay leases while audits of those leases were temporarily suspended. SDR-Bahia SDR-Campland SDR-SeaWorld UT-MissionBay DB

Enforcement, in scale

Fines and the sums they attach to. Items marked $0 had no monetary penalty mechanism applied.

MatterFineAmount involvedFine as %Source
$293K committee transfer scheme (FPPC, Part 1)$200$293,0780.068%TOSD-2019-11
10 late behested-payment disclosures (Ethics)$10,500$65,000+~16%E-Stip2316
Jason Hughes 101 Ash conflict (misdemeanor)$400$128,000,0000.0003%UT-Hughes
Jesus Cardenas lobbying (maximum penalty)$5,000UT-Cardenas
Jennifer Campbell record-keeping$300UT-Campbell
$24,999 consultant contract (below threshold)$0$24,9990%UT-Cushman
$72M+ contract alterations (untimely/unapproved)$0$72,000,000+0%SDA-2024
$178.8M DIF held past legal limit$0$178,754,3660%GJ-DIF

Gloria's two disclosed penalties total $10,700 TOSD-2019-11 E-Stip2316.

Behested payments — the city pattern

Since January 2023, Gloria filed 36 of 40 Form 803 behested-payment disclosures submitted to the city — $450,000+ total E-Behested803 UT-Behested2024-Nov. Named donors to For All of Us include Sudberry Properties ($5,000), Manpower ($5,000), and Sycuan ($5,000), each an entity with city business UT-ForAllOfUs. The Cushman Foundation made a $50,000 behested payment to a Gloria-solicited homelessness initiative DB. Inferred: the concentration of Form 803 filings in a single office is a documented disclosure pattern; it does not establish that the solicited donors received anything in return.

Key players

  • Stephen Cushman — Gloria's 2024 chief fundraiser and pro-Gloria PAC chair ($900,000+ raised); Housing Commission appointee; $24,999 city consultant; Riverwalk developer; DSDP board member; For All of Us board member.
  • Gil Cabrera — Gloria's Airport Authority appointee and a former Ethics Commission chair; founder of the unincorporated charity For All of Us.
  • Christopher Wahl — CEO of Southwest Strategies (rebranded Bodewell Group, Feb 2026); registered lobbyist whose firm and colleagues gave $160,000+ to Gloria and other local officials, and who lobbied Gloria's office on the 101 Ash settlement.
  • Diana Palacios / Stephen Puetz — lobbyist who, while at Southwest Strategies, lobbied her husband's office (Faulconer's chief of staff) in 2016.
  • Bosa Development — documented Gloria donor that received $13.8M in unprecedented DIF credits plus $9.1M cash for park land.
  • Sempra Energy / SDG&E — utility whose $794,200+ in tracked political money preceded the 6-3 franchise approval and the later $8.5M Climate Equity Fund diversion.
  • Jason Hughes — Faulconer-era adviser fined $400 for a misdemeanor conflict on the $128M 101 Ash deal (enforcement-scale comparator only).

Caveats

Read this before quoting any figure
  • Nothing in this brief is a legal finding. No ethics body or court has found a quid pro quo in any matter described here, and none is asserted. References to "overlap," "pattern," and "recurring" describe the public-record arrangement of donors, fundraisers, appointees, and beneficiaries, not a determination that any benefit was exchanged for a contribution.
  • The $24,999 consulting contract, the committee-to-committee transfers (Part 1), the fiscal-sponsorship structure of For All of Us, the fundraiser/lobbyist overlap, and the developer-fee credits are all legal under current law. The point of the brief is the legal machinery.
  • The Jason Hughes $400 fine is included as an enforcement-scale comparator; Hughes was a Faulconer-era adviser, not a Gloria appointee, and the conflict predates Gloria's mayoralty.
  • The $72M+, $178.8M, and $794,200+ figures aggregate multiple records (audit line items, Grand Jury findings, and intermediary-PAC flows respectively) and may not capture every relevant transaction. Sempra-linked totals aggregate legally distinct affiliated entities and intermediaries.
  • The Riverwalk $4 billion figure and the Palladium ~$3 billion AUM figure are as reported by the cited sources. The Cushman $900,000+ PAC-raising figure is the updated figure in the MathPolitics database; earlier public reporting cited lower interim totals.
  • Several specific governance facts (the Ace library-garage no-contract operation, the Cushman Foundation $50,000 behested payment, the $794,200 Sempra aggregate, the DSDP $105,000 IE total) are sourced via the MathPolitics database DB where no single public URL resolves the item; the underlying filings are city campaign-finance, Form 803, and contract records.

Reference key

Report #3 · The Gloria Files · condensed AI fact sheet. Chronological; every claim cited; inferences flagged. Source: full report reports/series-1-the-gloria-files/03-the-payoff.md.

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